Softwood lumber is widely used for outdoor, residential and non-residential building construction. Softwood products in the form of lumber, beams and wood paneling are used for flooring, decking, molding, millwork, door, window and building framing. Softwood is considered ultimate building material given its technical capabilities and green credential.
Each species has its own appeal with its color, grain, texture and physical properties. For a particular application all the above characteristics are considered for selecting the species. Physical properties such as weight, hardness, modulus of rupture and elasticity, compressive strength and shrinkage become critical factors to determine whether a species will be ideal for flooring, furniture, cabinet or framing.
Technical Data Common Name: Douglas Fir
Scientific Name: Pseudotsuga menziesii
Average Weight: 510 kg/m3
Specific Gravity: 0.51
Hardness: 2,760 N
Modulus of Rupture: 86.2 MPa
Modulus of Elasticity: 12,170 MPa
Compressive Strength: 47.9 MPa
Volumetric Shrinkage: 11.60%
Technical Data Common Name: Ponderosa Pine
Scientific Name: Pinus ponderosa
Average Weight: 450 kg/m3
Specific Gravity: 0.45
Hardness: 2,050 N
Modulus of Rupture: 64.8 MPa
Modulus of Elasticity: 8,900 MPa
Compressive Strength: 36.7 MPa
Volumetric Shrinkage: 9.70%
Technical Data Common Name: Southern Yellow Pine
Scientific Name: Pinus pahustris
Average Weight: 581 kg/m3
Specific Gravity: 0.65
Hardness: 4,120 N
Modulus of Rupture: 100.0 MPa
Modulus of Elasticity: 13,700 MPa
Compressive Strength: 58.4 MPa
Volumetric Shrinkage: 12.20%
Technical Data Common Name: Western Larch
Scientific Name: Larix occidentalis
Average Weight: 577 kg/m3
Specific Gravity: 0.58
Hardness: 3,690 N
Modulus of Rupture: 89.7 MPa
Modulus of Elasticity: 12,900 MPa
Compressive Strength: 52.6 MPa
Volumetric Shrinkage: 14.00%
Technical Data Common Name: White Fir
Scientific Name: Abies concolor
Average Weight: 415 kg/m3
Specific Gravity: 0.42
Hardness: 2,140 N
Modulus of Rupture: 66.9 MPa
Modulus of Elasticity: 10,240 MPa
Compressive Strength: 39.6 MPa
Volumetric Shrinkage: 9.80%
Grading Rules per WWPA
(Western Wood Products Association):
1. COMMON
– Fine appearance of knotty material; size of knots vary with the width
2. COMMON
– Fine appearance of knotty material; size of knots vary with the width
– Knot sizes larger than 1 COMMON
3. COMMON
– Largely used for building purposes where both appearance and strength are important
– Knot sizes are equal to or slightly larger than 2 COMMON
4. COMMON
– Widely used for construction (sub-floor, roof, wall sheathing, fence, etc.)
– Knot sizes are larger than 3 COMMON
American Hardwood Export International
1336 Sherborn Court
Rochester Hills, MI 48306
USA
Email: AHExportIntl@outlook.com
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